In Italy, it is not only passenger rail services that are facing significant challenges, including cancellations and delays even in high-speed services, but the freight sector is also struggling. On 25 January 2025, the association Fermerci highlighted that preliminary data for 2024 shows a decline of about one million train-kilometres compared to the prior year. Compared to 2021, the post-pandemic recovery year, the overall decline has reached 5%, equating to a loss of three million train-kilometres. According to Giuseppe Rizzi, Fermerci's Director General, this is a worrying signal of a progressive contraction that threatens the competitiveness of a strategic sector for both sustainability and economic growth.
Despite the critical situation, Rizzi pointed out several political initiatives introduced by the Government at the end of 2024 as encouraging signals. Among these was an increase in the Ferrobonus subsidy for the 2025-2027 period. Additionally, measures were introduced to incentivise rail shunting operations in national ports. Thanks to these provisions, Port System Authorities will be able to develop specific support mechanisms, enhancing the competitiveness of Italy's port system.
However, while these measures are appreciated, they are insufficient to offset the sector's difficulties. Rizzi emphasised that forecasts for 2025 remain concerning, with key challenges including rail interruptions linked to National Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) works, the ongoing rise in energy costs, and an unstable European economic context.
To underscore the complexity of the situation, Rizzi presented data on investments made during the 2021-2023 period. Around €700 million were allocated to purchase 196 new locomotives, reflecting the sector's confidence in market recovery. However, this confidence risks being undermined: the 2024 Budget Law has slashed approximately €70 million from incentives for locomotives and wagons, a move that could have devastating consequences for companies that have already committed to substantial investments.
“To ensure a stable and lasting recovery,” Rizzi stated, “it is essential to invest structurally in infrastructure and logistics services, supporting those who have chosen to focus on innovation and sustainability. Freight rail transport can and must be a driver of national and European economic growth,” Rizzi concluded, adding, “Investing in freight rail transport means investing in the future of the country. But this will only be possible if businesses can rely on adequate incentives and a stable, predictable regulatory framework.”
